Plesiomonas shigelloides was formerly classified in the vibrionaceae family, but is now a part of the enterobacteriaceae family footnote 2. Diarrheal risk associated with plesiomonas shigelloides infection was assessed in rural communities in northwestern ecuador during 20042008. Plesiomonas shigelloides is a rare cause of invasive infection, most clinically significant isolates being from the gastrointestinal tract of animals and man. Plesiomonas shigelloides disease fact sheet series what is plesiomonas shigelloides. Plesiomonas shigelloides this is a gramnegative, rodshaped bacterium which has been isolated from freshwater, freshwater fish, and shellfish and from many types of animals including cattle, goats, swine, cats, dogs, monkeys, vultures, snakes, and toads.
Plesiomonas shigelloides is a species of rodshaped gramnegative bacteria recently classified in the family enterobacteriaceae and is the only oxidasepositive member of this family. It has been associated with diarrhoeal disease in humans and various epizootic diseases in animals. Plesiomonas shigelloides gastroenteritis is rare in humans and occurs following the consumption of raw seafood, contaminated water and oysters containing the microorganism. An epidemiological study of plesiomonas shigelloides diarrhoea. This is particularly apparent in the case of plesiomonas shigelloides. Escobar, darlene bhavnani, gabriel trueba, karina ponce, william cevallos, and joseph eisenberg diarrheal risk associated with plesiomonas shigelloides infection was assessed in rural communities in northwestern ecuador during 20042008. It is a gram negative, motile, facultatively anaerobic, oxidase positive bacterium. Plesiomonas shigelloides formerly known aeromonas shigelloides is an oxidasepositive, facultatively anaerobic gramnegative bacillus found in soil and water. The travel and tropical medicine manual fifth edition, 2017. Meningoencephalitis caused by plesiomonas shigelloides in a. Badbug book handbook of foodborne pathogenic microorganisms and natural toxins introduction food safety is a complex issue that has an impact on all segments of society, from the general.
Multisite evaluation of the bd max extended enteric. Plesiomonas shigelloides is a species of bacteria that was formerly classified in the family vibrionaceae, but now most microbiologists agree that a better classification is in the order enterobacterales see box on the right. This rodshaped gramnegative enterobacterium 1 is known as the causative agent of water and foodborne outbreaks of gastrointestinal infections. Endotoxins have been proposed to be central to septic shock and sepsis associated with. Severe plesiomonas shigelloides gastroenteritis in a young. Being that this organism is faculatively anaerobic means that it can use oxygen as a terminal electron acceptor when it is present, but also flawlessly switches to fermentation as a means of producing atp when oxygen is absent. Structural analysis of the core oligosaccharide and the o.
Plesiomonas shigelloides is a causal agent of gastroenteritis, sepsis and meningitis in humans. The purpose of this study was to perform a multisite evaluation to establish the performance characteristics of the bd max extended enteric bacterial panel xebp assay directly from unpreserved or caryblairpreserved stool specimens for the detection of yersinia enterocolitica, enterotoxigenic escherichia coli etec, vibrio, and plesiomonas shigelloides. The lipopolysaccharide of plesiomonas shigelloides serotype o74. Plesiomonas shigelloides is a member of the family vibrionaceae. Plesiomonas shigelloides septic shock leading to death of. Plesiomonas infection has also been associated with travel to tropical regions and exposure to reptiles or tropical fish. Plesiomonas shigelloides is a gramnegative bacillus found in aquatic environments that has been primarily associated with sporadic cases and outbreaks of diarrheal disease. Epidemiologic notes and reports aquariumassociated. After many years in the family vibrionaceae, the genus plesiomonas, represented by a single species, p.
The mucispirillum schaedleri might cause disease in mice loy et. In the second edition of bergeys manual of systematic bac teriology, the. Plesiomonas shigelloides waa clusters february 2014 volume 196 number 3. In various animals a carrier state is more frequent. Shadomy, manual of clinical microbiology, american society. Plesiomonas has thus far been isolated from fish, other aquatic animals, and from mammals such as swine, dogs, cats, goats, sheep and. Recently it has been implicated as an increasing cause of opportunistic infections. Plesiomonas shigelloides gastroenteritis is usually a mild selflimiting disease.
Isolation of plesiomonas shigelloides from infected. We report the case of a 43yearold male patient with hemochromatosis, pyruvate kinase deficiency, and asplenia via splenectomy who developed septic shock caused by p. Pathogenomics of virulence traits of plesiomonas shigelloides. Plesiomonas shigelloides isa gramnegative, oxidase positive, facultatively anaerobic organism thatcurrently resides inthefamily vibrionaceae butwhosetruetaxonomic position isstill thesubject. Shai ashkenazi, in principles and practice of pediatric infectious. Isolation of plesiomonas shigelloidesfrom infected cichlid fishes using.
The present study addresses the clinical features, epidemiology, and response to antimicrobial therapy of p. Plesiomonas shigelloides is the unique member of the enterobacteriaceae family able to produce polar flagella when grow in liquid medium and lateral flagella when grown in solid or semisolid media. The poly and oligosaccharides released by mild acidic hydrolysis of the lipopolysaccharide from both phenol and water phases. Plesiomonas shigelloides, a ubiquitous freshwater inhabitant, has been. Isolation and identification of plesiomonas shigelloides. This is achieved by selectively splitting the csp 3 h bond adjacent to the chloride atom to form an alkyl radical. Plesiomonas shigelloides is the only species of the genus plesiomonas. Plesiomonas shigelloides wisconsin department of health. Genomic and proteomic studies on plesiomonas shigelloides lipopolysaccharide core biosynthesis eleonora aquilini, asusana merino. All 33 isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing using broth microdilution methods, which showed resistance to ampicillin. Plesiomonas shigelloides is a gramnegative rodshaped bacterium which has been isolated from humans, animals and the environment.
Pdf plesiomonas shigelloides diarrhea in enugu area of south. Specific polysaccharide from the plesiomonas shigelloides o33. Septicaemia and pleural effusion due to plesiomonas. Outbreaks associated with untreated recreational water cdc. Although gastrointestinal disease is usually mild or even asymptomatic, both organisms are invasive and can lead to septicemia and other. Compared with those due to vibrio cholerae nono1 and vibrio. An unusual cause of septic abortion gilbertcornut,1,2 xaviermarchandsenecal,1,2 christianegaudreau,1,2 jeremieberdugo,3,4.
Historically, both groups were previously members of the family vibrionaceae based on similarities of. Although the numbers are small, these results suggest that both systems are highly accurate in the identification of this singlespecies genus. Plesiomonas shigelloides infection, ecuador, 20042008 juan c. Pdf plesiomonas shigelloides infection in southeast china. Contrary to the unified antigenic classification of p. Plesiomonas shigelloides an overview sciencedirect topics.
Isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility of plesiomonas. Plesiomonas shigelloides is a gramnegative bacterium associated with waterborne infections, which is common in tropical and subtropical habitats. Table plesiomonas shigelloides infection, ecuador, 2004. The most usual presentation of plesiomonas shigelloides infection is an acute. Thompson, in small animal medical differential diagnosis second edition, 2014. The genus plesiomonas includes a single species, plesiomonas. Clinical features, epidemiology, and treatment of plesiomonas. Dec 19, 20 volume 2014, issue 6 full paper structural analysis of the core oligosaccharide and the o. Plesiomonas bacterial genus microbiology dictionary. The poly and oligosaccharides released by mild acidic hydrolysis of the lipopolysaccharide from both phenol and. Plesiomonas shigelloides hereafter plesiomonas possesses various vfs that result in its emerging pathogen status. The present study assessed the prevalence, biochemical characteristics, and antibiotic susceptibility of aeromonas spp. Wisconsin division of public health plesiomonas shigelloides. Complete lipopolysaccharide of plesiomonas shigelloides.
The plesiomonas shigelloides might be a pathogen in humans and fish claesson et al. Plesiomonas shigelloides family enterobacteriaceae has been implicated in gastroenteritis outbreaks in travelers to tropical regions and in persons who have ingested contaminated food or water. Aeromonas and plesiomonas are ubiquitous in natural and municipal water sources, lending to contamination of waterrelated food commodities, such as fish and seafood, as well as introduction into other foodstuffs through unsanitary processing and handling. Our report adds further awareness on plesiomonas shigelloides meningoencephalitis in neonate and points out the.
The most common the most common symptoms are diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, fever, chills, and abdominal pain. Epidemiologic notes and reports aquariumassociated plesiomonas shigelloides infection missouri in july 1988, a community hospital in southeastern missouri reported isolating plesiomonas shigelloides from the stool of a 14monthold girl with watery diarrhea no blood or mucus and fever. Classification of plesiomonas shigelloides introduction plesiomonas shigelloides represents gramnegative, motile, facultative anaerobic and oxidase positive bacteria. Cowan and steels manual for identification of medical bacteria. Although originally classified with aeromonas as belonging to the family vibrionaceae, recent evidence based on small subunit ribosomal rna sequencing has shown that p. It was ranked third as a cause of travellers diarrhoea in japan and china 2. Plesiomonas shigelloides infection, ecuador, 20042008. It is a gramnegative, rodshaped bacterium which has been isolated from freshwater, freshwater fish, and shellfish and from many types of animals including humans. Complete lipopolysaccharide of plesiomonas shigelloides o74.
Pdf plesiomonas shigelloides can cause gastroenteritis and extraintestinal diseases in humans. Es una bacteria gram negativa, movil, voluntariamente anaerobica, y oxidasa positiva. An epidemiological study of plesiomonas shigelloides. Aeromonas hydrophila and plesiomonas shigelloides are gram negative bacilli. Plesiomonas shigelloides revisited europe pmc article. Isolation of plesiomonas shigelloides from infected cichlid fishes using 16s rrna characterization and its control with probiotic pseudomonas sp. Isolation of plesiomonas shigelloides from infected cichlid. Discussion of outbreaks with microbiologist and outbreak team added. They are able to grow at salt concentrations of 05%, at a ph of 4. Volume 2014, issue 6 full paper structural analysis of the core oligosaccharide and the o. Putative virulence factors of plesiomonas shigelloides. Common environmental reservoirs for plesiomonads include freshwater ecosystems and estuaries and inhabitants of these aquatic environs.
It has emerged as a cause of enteric disease in humans, especially following the consumption of raw seafood. Plesiomonas shigelloides is a facultatively anaerobic chemoorganotrophic gramnegative bacterium. Freshwater and estuarine water are considered to be the natural environment of p. This study completes the structural investigation of phenol and water. Members of the genera aeromonas and plesiomonas are characterized as gramnegative, facultatively anaerobic, oxidasepositive bacilli, which ferment glucose. Pronunciation of plesiomonas shigelloides with 1 audio pronunciation and more for plesiomonas shigelloides. Plesiomonas shigelloides revisited clinical microbiology. Plesiomonas shigelloides is often regarded as a nonpathogenic bacterial species that is occasionally isolated from patients with diarrhoea. Meningoencephalitis caused by plesiomonas shigelloides in a chinese neonate.
Outbreaks associated with untreated recreational water. In 2014, deng and others 242 tested 3 isolates of p. Protecting and promoting the health and safety of the people of wisconsin. The genus plesiomonas includes a single species, plesiomonas shigelloides. Plesiomonas shigelloides is a bacterial infection that causes an infection of the intestines.
Plesiomonas shigelloides disease fact sheet spanish. Plesiomonas shigelloides is a vibriolike organism found in soil and water that is sometimes implicated in childhood diarrhea. Plesiomonads are very important enteric bacteria and only one valid species is recognized in the genus plesiomonas at present. For persons native to tropical regions, however, casecontrol studies have found little or no association between p. Plesiomonasshigelloidesinduzierte gastroenteritiden.
Pdf on jan 1, 2014, a r c nwokocha and others published plesiomonas shigelloides diarrhea in enugu area of south eastern nigeria. B 30 investigation of faecal specimens for enteric pathogens. Plesiomonas shigelloides are indigenous to aquatic environments worldwide aeromonas spp. Uk standards for microbiology investigations issued by the standards unit, public health england updated definition of diarrhoea. Plesiomonas shigelloides, a ubiquitous freshwater inhabitant, has been implicated as a cause of acute diarrhea and, rarely, serious extraintestinal disease. Recent studies have suggested that plesiomonas shigelloides is a cause of diarrhea. H5 strain cnctc 14492 was obtained with the hot phenolwater method, but unlike most of the stype enterobacterial lipopolysaccharides, the oantigens were preferentially extracted into the phenol phase. Choose from 85 different sets of plesiomonas flashcards on quizlet. Genomic and proteomic studies on plesiomonas shigelloides. Pathogenomics of virulence traits of plesiomonas shigelloides that. We found little evidence that single infection with p. Although plesiomonas shigelloides, a waterborne bacterium of the enterobacteriaceae family, usually causes selflimiting gastroenteritis with diarrhea, several cases of sepsis have been reported.